I can read .pcd data using this program.
#include <iostream>
#include <pcl/io/pcd_io.h>
#include <pcl/point_types.h>
int
main (int argc, char** argv)
{
  pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud (new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
  if (pcl::io::loadPCDFile<pcl::PointXYZ> ("airplane.pcd", *cloud) == -1) //* load the file
  {
    PCL_ERROR ("Couldn't read file test_pcd.pcd \n");
    return (-1);
  }
  std::cout << "Loaded "
            << cloud->width * cloud->height
            << " data points from test_pcd.pcd with the following fields: "
            << std::endl;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < cloud->points.size (); ++i)
    std::cout << "    " << cloud->points[i].x
              << " "    << cloud->points[i].y
              << " "    << cloud->points[i].z << std::endl;
  return (0);
}
How to read a .ply file i made the following change in line 10:
if (pcl::io::loadPLYFile<pcl::PointXYZ> ("airplane.ply", *cloud) == -1) //* load the file
It gave comilation error.
SO i rewrote as:
if (pcl::io::loadPCDFile<pcl::PointXYZ> ("airplane.ply", *cloud) == -1) //* load the file
Now it gave me run-time error:
[pcl::PCDReader::readHeader] No points to read
Couldn't read file test_pcd.pcd 
How to resolve this?
                        
The function
pcl::io::loadPLYFile()is indeed what you should use to read PLY files. To solve the compilation problem, make sure that you include appropriate header file (pcl/io/ply_io.h).