NOTE: I was able to do that on QtWebKit QML using the QtWebView extension. Here I am interested in using QtWebEngine.
My simple test application
import QtQuick 2.1
import QtQuick.Controls 1.1
import QtWebEngine 1.0
ApplicationWindow {
    width: 800
    height: 600
    color: "lightgray"
    visible: true
    WebEngineView {
        id: webview
        url: "http://stackexchange.com/"
        anchors.fill: parent
    }
}
How do I pass a different User Agent string?
                        
I'm interested in using QtWebEngine too. And I can suggest you use QtWebEngine developers Trello.
As you can see in Todo for 5.5 this is currently under development and may be done in 5.5.